OBM System - Tsim & Rheological Properties

Oil-Based Mud formulation thiab aged fluid zog

Kub dov ntawm 190℃rau 16 teev; HTHP kua poob ntawm 190℃thiab 3.45 MPa.

Volos ™ system tswj cov khoom ruaj khov rheological thaum lub sij hawm txuas ntxiv zoo li qub nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias. Ua ke nrog nws nyias lim-ncuav mog qab zib deposition, nws enables npaum wireline logging, casing khiav thiab cementing hauj lwm. Nws txoj kev tsim kho kom txo qis ECD nce siab, kev poob qis, cov yeeb nkab daig thiab lwm yam kev puas tsuaj hauv qhov chaw, thaum xa kev tiv thaiv rau cov cuab yeej downhole. Siv tau geological profiles: Depleted reservoirs, fractured carbonates, poob-prone formations.

- Qhov tob: 3000-5000 m

-Primary drilling kua: OBM, xa nrog cov khoom ploj (LCM)

Lub Raudhatain Field nyob rau sab qaum teb Kuwait xav tau cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb drilling kua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb los daws cov teeb meem hauv qab. Lub hom phiaj yog txhawm rau qhib hydrocarbon reserves nyob rau hauv sib sib zog nqus formations thiab optimize tej yam kev mob rau reserve exploitation thiab kev loj hlob. Ib qho kev tsim kho, haum rau lub hom phiaj tsim kom muaj kev txhim kho ntawm Lower Jurassic interval thaum txo nqi kev tsim kho tag nrho. Ib qho kev daws teeb meem engineering tau siv los txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm nrog rau Lower Jurassic geological tsoom fwv.

Peb lub qhov dej offset ua ntej yuav tsum tau cov ntaub ntawv cais tawm cov txheej txheem siab, txwv lub qhov dej mus rau 3⅞-hauv. drift. Qhov kev kawm TD zoo tau npaj los hla ob qho tib si siab-siab Najmah ncua sij hawm thiab cov cheeb tsam depleted. Ntu nruab nrab Marrat tau drilled hauv ib qho 6-hauv. Qhov seem siv Managed Pressure Drilling (MPD). Qhov kev tsim no muab kev ua tiav loj dua, txo qhov kev siv nyiaj txiag zoo los ntawm kev txo lub sijhawm drilling thiab txhawb kev ua haujlwm zoo.

Kev tsim cov kua dej ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb rau kev xyaum ua haujlwm siab siab (17.0 ppg) thiab depleted limestone (9.5 ppg) hauv ib qho kev khiav dej num.

Tuav cov khoom rheological thaum txo cov av nkos tom qab nkag mus rau thaj chaw muaj kev kub ntxhov, ua kom muaj kev txuas ntxiv mus rau hauv cov txheej txheem depleted.

Txo kev pheej hmoo ntawm borehole vau thiab sib txawv sticking

Laum ncua kab rov tav seem (3,171 ft)

Qhov peb qhov ua ntej offset qhov dej xav tau cov kab sib cais los ntawm cov txheej txheem siab, uas txwv lub qhov dej ntws mus rau 3⅞ hauv. Qhov kev kawm zoo tau tsom mus rau ob qho tib si high-pressure Najmah interval thiab hydrocarbon-lean Middle Marrat interval. Managed Pressure Drilling (MPD) tau raug xa mus rau kev xyaum cov ntu no hauv ib qho 6-hauv. qhov seem. Qhov kev teeb tsa no txo ​​cov nqi tsim kho kom zoo los ntawm kev txo cov hnub rig thiab xa cov kev ua tiav loj dua rau kev txhim kho kev tsim khoom.

Wellbore ntxiv dag zog rau kev siv thev naus laus zis tau ua tiav thawj zaug txhawm rau tho qhov siab-siab Najmah ncua sij hawm thiab depleted Middle Marrat limestone nyob rau hauv qhov txuas kab rov tav profile hauv Block ONE, dhau qhov ntsuas qhov ntev ntawm 3,171 ft. Tshem tawm txoj hlua nruab nrab ntawm qhov tso cai nkag mus rau thaj chaw them nyiaj los ntawm 6-in. borehole, es tsis ua kom tiav lub reservoir hla kev txwv 3⅞-in. av nkos qhov. Qhov no materially lifts prospective zus tau tej cov nqi. Tsis muaj qhov xwm txheej ntawm qhov dej tsis ruaj khov heev tau raug kaw thaum lub sijhawm drilling no. Lub sijhawm lub voj voog tag nrho tuaj nyob rau hauv qis dua 50% ntawm qhov ceev tshaj plaws ntawm peb lub qhov dej offset, uas tau drilled nrog ob qhov sib txawv qhov ntau thiab tsawg (Daim duab 2).

Nanostabilized poob ncig additive nrog submicron hais yog tsim los txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm kev ua tau zoo. Nws boosts kev kho mob efficiency, optimizes lim-cake zoo thiab ntxiv txo cov kua HTHP kua poob. DISC: NAF kev tswj xyuas qhov ceev thoob plaws lub sijhawm no yuav tsum muaj cov ncauj lus ntxaws ntxaws thiab tsim qauv engineering.

-Drilling rau lub caij no pib ntawm av nkos qhov hnyav ntawm 17.0 ppg nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm ntu, tom qab ntawd txo mus rau 9.5 ppg txhawm rau txhawm rau qhov depleted Middle Marrat reservoir.

-Ib txoj kev npaj ua haujlwm tau tsim thiab ua tiav txhawm rau txo qhov borehole washout thiab qhov constriction nyob rau hauv openhole seem. Thaum lub sij hawm drilling, dilution nrog unweighted tshiab pre-mix kua thiab concurrent additive kev kho mob tau siv los tuav lub concentration ntawm bridging / sealing pob (Daim duab 1).

-Newpark Fluid System cov kev paub dhau los pab pawg tau muab kev saib xyuas ntawm qhov chaw thiab kev tswj xyuas kev ua haujlwm.

Test Condition: Kub Rolling ntawm 150℃rau 16 h · Roj/Dej ratio 80:20 · Test Temp 65 degree

Table 1 - Formulation

Table 2 - Rheology & Well Control Properties

Ultra-HTHP offshore drilling imposes hnyav kev txwv. Cov kua dej uas tsis muaj dej tau ntev ntev yog qhov kev xaiv ua ntej rau cov kev ua phem hauv qhov chaw ib puag ncig, vim lawv cov thermal stability. Kev nce qib hauv kev tshawb fawb polymer, txawm li cas los xij, tau nthuav dav lub hnab ntawv ua haujlwm rau dej-raws li drilling kua (WBDF) hauv cov kev tswj hwm huab cua.

Thawj ultra-HTHP offshore gas teb nyob rau sab qab teb Tuam Tshoj Hiav Txwv muaj cov hauv qab qhov dej ntawm 190-197 degree, cov kua dej ntom ntom ntawm 2.30-2.35 sg, lub siab ceev ntawm 0.07-0.10 sg, CO₂ / H₂S influx txaus ntshai, thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws lub kaum sab xis ntawm 53. Subsurface poob susceptibility yuav tsum tau tsim ib tug dej-raws li kua tsim rau tus neeg teb xov tooj. Tsis muaj qhov sib piv ua ntej muaj nyob thoob plaws ntiaj teb rau ultra-HTHP kev taw qhia qhov dej, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov TDs zoo tshaj 5000 m.

Qhov kev ua haujlwm no qhia txog kev tsim qauv thiab kev xa tawm ntawm kev cai WBDF system hla peb lub qhov dej ultra-HTHP. Ib qho kev kuaj sim tag nrho ua ke nrog kev ua haujlwm ua ntej ua qauv xa cov kua dej nrog kev tswj xyuas rheology, ruaj khov thermal stability, thiab txhim khu kev qha qhov hnyav-tus neeg sawv cev raug ncua. Cov txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm hauv teb tau raug sau tseg, nrog rau txoj hauv kev rau kev ua tau zoo yav tom ntej nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej tsis zoo no.

Barite sag sawv cev rau thawj hom kev ua tsis tiav rau cov kua dej siab. Formulation tuning yielded static sag factor (SF) qis dua 0.53 tom qab 5 hnub static aging ntawm 200 degree, validating stability thaum lub sij hawm ncua static high-temperature raug. Cov cwj pwm no suav nrog cov kua dej rheological teb thiab thermal endurance, ua pov thawj nws lub peev xwm los tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm txaus ntshai thiab khaws cia kom muaj kev ncaj ncees nyob rau hauv ultra-HTHP

ib puag ncig.

Lub hom phiaj them nyiaj yog low-permeability nruj sandstone, uas qhia txog kev thaiv dej raws li qhov tseem ceeb tsim kev txwv. Mismatch ntawm barite particle loj thiab reservoir pore caj pas amplified tsim kev puas tsuaj. Ntau txoj kev txo cov tshuaj lom neeg raug soj ntsuam; ib tug tailored surfactant tau raug xaiv rau lub teb rollout. Qhov no surfactant suppresses interfacial nro ntawm ultra-siab kub, attenuating dej thaiv thiab tswj reservoir compatibility.

Cov kev xaiv ntxiv tau txhawb nqa kev tswj xyuas cov kua dej ruaj khov, HTHP cov kua dej poob qis thiab kev ruaj ntseg zoo thoob plaws hauv kev sib tw. Cov txiaj ntsig tau lees paub tias qhov kev hloov pauv no hauv WBDF thev naus laus zis txhim kho kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab kev nyab xeeb rau ultra-HTHP offshore drilling. Cov ntaub ntawv no muab cov kev kawm ua haujlwm tau zoo thiab cov kev daws teeb meem uas muaj pov thawj, txhawb nqa kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, kev txhim kho roj thiab roj.

Thaj tsam sab hnub poob ntawm Tarim Basin yog ib qho kev sib sib zog nqus thiab ultra-ntev roj thiab roj reservoir nrog complex geological tej yam kev mob nyob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj. Cov cheeb tsam no suav nrog txheej ntsev-gypsum tuab, cov txheej txheem siab-siab brine, thiab lwm yam tsim nrog kev kub siab thiab lub zog nyuaj. Cov yam ntxwv geological tam sim no muaj teeb meem xws li muaj kev pheej hmoo siab ntawm cov kua dej hauv qhov dej los ntawm kev tsim cov kua dej, qhov sib sib zog nqus faus ntawm subsalt reservoirs, kub kub, thiab nyuaj rau kev tsim cov kua dej drilling. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv no, los ntawm kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas thiab optimizing cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb, ib tug diesel roj-raws li drilling thiab ua tiav kua system resistant rau 220℃ultra-siab kub nrog ib tug ceev ntawm 2.60 g / cm³ tau tsim. Qhov kev ua tau zoo tag nrho tau raug soj ntsuam. Siv tus kheej tsim cov kub-kub emulsifier (BZ-PSE), ib qho organically hloov lithium silicate viscosity modifier (BZ-CHT), thiab compounded kua poob reducers (BZ-OLG / BZ-OSL), lub kaw lus tswj zoo heev rheological stability (yield point> 4.3 Pa) thiab tsis pom zoo (HLP4). Kev laus ntawm 220 degree. Lub kaw lus tau pom tias muaj kev tiv thaiv kev sib kis los ntawm 30-50% sib xyaw brines, 15% ntsev-gypsum cuttings, thiab 10% cement, ua pov thawj tias nws muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo lis cov av nkos tuab heev, ntsev-gypsum khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg, thiab high-pressure brine. Kev sim teb tau ua nyob rau hauv qhov dej GL 3C, DB X, Boz 13X, thiab Boz 3X. The results indicated that the high-temperature, high-density diesel oil-based drilling fluids and completion fluids can effectively address the technical challenges posed by wellbore instability in thick salt–gypsum layers, high-pressure brine invasion, and performance degradation under ultra-high temperature conditions, providing reliable technical support for the safe and efficient drilling of similar complex formations.

Tlamatini Field, nrhiav tau nyob rau xyoo 2019, muaj cov roj thiab roj tseem ceeb hauv cov dej ntiav ntiav tawm ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm lub xeev Tabasco, Mexico. Cov cheeb tsam tau muab sau tseg rau kev ua tiav ntawm kev khiav hauv qee lub sijhawm, kev tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm lub cev, kev tsim cov permeable heev, cov pa roj influxes aggravated los ntawm variations nyob rau hauv pore siab, thiab nquag daig yeeb nkab vim sib txawv pressures. Cov kev cov nyom no feem ntau ua rau cov nqi ntxiv vim yog cov khoom siv dej ntxiv, kev khiav haujlwm ntxiv, thiab lub sijhawm drilling ntev dua.

Thaum pab pawg Impact Fluids tuaj txog ntawm lub rig, kev ua haujlwm tau ntsib tag nrho cov kev poob ntawm kev ncig hauv feem ntawm 26-hauv. Lub sijhawm nruab nrab ntawm 565 mus rau 1,000 m (1,850 txog 3,280 ft) MD qhov twg cov pob txha tawg tsis zoo yog tsawg li 1.16 sg (9.68 lb / gal) hauv qhov chaw. Thaum drilling 26-hauv. Lub sij hawm nrog ib qho inhibitive polymer dej-raws li drilling kua, cov av nkos hnyav tau nce los ntawm 1.16 mus rau 1.20 sg (9.68 mus rau 10 lb / gal). Qhov 20-in. casing khiav tau daig thiab cemented ntawm 565 m MD. Cov kev xaiv yog: 1) khiav lub sacrificial casing los ntawm 565 mus rau 1,000 m MD los yog 2) txuas ntxiv drilling 16-hauv. Lub sijhawm nruab nrab ntawm 1,000 txog 1,680 m (3,280 txog 5,510 ft) MD thaum nce cov av nkos los ntawm 1.25 txog 1.33 sg (10.4 txog 11.1 lb / gal). Cov av nkos hnyav dua nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas twb muaj lawm yuav ua rau muaj qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntxiv, cov pa roj nkag, cov yeeb nkab daig, thiab ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau lub peev xwm ua kom tiav 16-hauv. ntu 1,680m.

Thawj kauj ruam yog los tswj cov kev poob qis thiab ntxiv dag zog rau lub qhov dej nrog FLC® cov khoom thiab LCP 2000® ntsiav tshuaj. Thaum thawj hnub, FLC® SUPREME thiab FLC® EXTREME cov tshuaj kho tau tag nrho cov teeb meem ploj hauv 26-hauv. lub sijhawm.

Cov kauj ruam thib ob yog txhawm rau tho qhov 1000 txog 1680 lub sijhawm los ntawm qhov nruab nrab thiab qis Pliocene formations uas siv FLC 2000® wellbore stabilizer ntxiv rau cov roj-raws li cov dej drilling kom zoo foob tsim qhov pores thiab cais lub qhov dej los ntawm kev tsim siab hloov pauv. Tom qab txhua qhov sawv ntsug, cov tshuaj ntawm FLC® wellbore stabilizer cov khoom tau khiav los txhim kho cov ntaub thaiv npog. Lub wellbore shielding zoo cais lub wellbore los ntawm kev tsim influxes thiab mitigated gas migration teeb meem nrog rau txo cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm av nkos poob ua rau wellbore instability thiab sib txawv sticking.

Peb cov tshuaj FLC® tau nres tag nrho cov kev poob qis hauv 26-hauv. ncua sijhawm tsawg dua ib hnub. Qhov 16-in. Lub caij nyoog tau drilled nyob rau hauv 6 hnub nrog xoom av nkos poob thiab qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntxuav los ntawm kev ntxiv FLC 2000® rau cov dej drilling thiab FLC® SUPREME tshuaj ntxiv txhim khu lub wellbore shielding. Qhov nruab nrab ROP yog 40 m / hr thiab 1,200 psi txawv siab. Lub qhov dej tau ua tiav zoo rau qhov kev pab cuam qhov tob yam tsis tas yuav tsum muaj kev txi ntawm 565 txog 1,000 m.

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